Autonomous solar panel cleaner

Our final autonomous solar panel cleaner prototype.
CDR concept CAD: cleaning robot driven across the panels surface by a rail mounted carriage.
Team foto, at the end of project, on presentation night.
Concept of operation (ConOps) for the autonomous cleaner.

Project information

  • Location Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL)
  • SupervisorsProf. E. Charbon, Prof. Y. Bellouard
  • TeamG. Boesinger, M. Cirillo, B. Depauw, D. Elmaleh, J. Huser, A. Mignot
  • SkillsCAD, mechanical machining and TIG welding, 3D printing, team work.
  • Project date Sep 2023 - Jan 2024

Project details

Context

In the context of the EPFL microengineering master, there is only one mandatory class, and that is called Product Design & Systems Engineering. Students in groups of six, go through the entire process of coming up with a product concept, for which they perform the complete project planning, design, market study, intellectual property assessments, and finally fabricate a prototype that they demonstrate in the class at the end of the course.

My group, in the class of 2023, set out to create a versatile and autonomous solar panel cleaner for maintaining energy and economic efficiency in solar installations. My role within the team was first quite general in the early phases of ideation and project planning, but it became focused on mechanical design and integration, once the preliminary concepts were established. My group mate J. Huser and I designed and built the mechanical frame of the cleaner and while the rest of the group focused on software, electronics and management.

Results

In collaboration with the Swiss center for electronics and microtechnology (CSEM), the product and then prototype was designed over the course of two thirds of the semester and lastly build in the final month. The prototype was entirely made by the group and mostly from raw materials, at EPFL's comprehensive mechanical and electrical prototyping spaces. This was quite instructive and allowed the group to get acquainted with many machining tools and notably the lathe, vertical mill, drill press and TIG welding. The built device was then successfully presented at the end of the course and acclaimed by the teaching staff.

Some key results are :

  • A fully autonomous solar panel cleaner, compatible with any inclined photovoltaic plant as an add-on.
  • The top carriage translates on a guide rail with a stepper motor and can winches the cleaning robot with a worm gear drive.
  • The kinematics are fully automated with integrated sensors for end point detections on the solar installation.
  • For the cleaning, the robot features a rotating brush and automatic water dispenser enabled by a peristaltic valve.
  • The cleaning robot features a fully mechanical bistable mechanism that elevates the brush off of the panel surface, to avoid soiling the surface, when travelling over already cleaned areas.